Mechanism for raising water



(No Model.)

J. H. MCGOWAN. MEGHANISM FOR RAISING W ATBR.

No. 473,949. Patented May 3.41892.

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rTnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN H. MCGOWAN, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

IVIEGHANl-SM FOR RAISING WATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 473,949, dated May 3,1892.

Application filed December 4, 1890. Serial No. 373,612. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN H. MOGOWAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Gincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio,have invented new and useful Improvements in Mechanism for RaisingNVater, of which the following is a speciiication.

My invention relates to apparatus for forcing water or other liquidagainst a static pressure-such, for example, as the hydrostatic head ofan elevated reservoir-its oloject being to facilitate the starting ofthe hydrostatic column and the pumping motor and mechanism from a stateof rest, thereby enabling the work to be done by a smaller and lessexpensive motor and with less expenditure of motive power.

Incidentally, further objects of my invention are to relieve the workingvalves and parts of the pumping mechanism against the continuouspressure of the hydrostatic column While the pumping mechanism is atrest, to avoid loss by leakage at the pump-joints or piston while atrest, and to insure the continuity and solidity of the discharge-columnwhen the pumping` mechanism is set in operation.

To these ends my invention consists, rst, in temporarily diverting thepreliminary discharge of a pump at a point immediately below thehydrostatic column to be lifted through an outlet-passage, and graduallycontracting andiinally closing said outlet, thereby introducing aresistance gradually approximating and ultimately overbalancing theresistance of the column.

It consists, further, in a mechanism designed and adapted to producethese results, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

Mechanism embodying my invention is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which'- Figure l is aside elevation of the pumpingapparatus containing my improvement; Fig. 2, a vertical section of thepump, exhibiting the additional valve-chamber, governor-valve, andauxiliary discharge-conduit; and Fig. 3, a section showing amodification in the type of controlling-valvc employed in the auxiliarydischarge of the pump.

In ordinary pumping apparatus of the character indicated, where theeffective action of the pump is against the pressure, for example, ofthe hydrostatic head of an elevated reservoir, the initial movement ofthe pumppiston is directed against the entire Weight of the liftedcolumn or the total pressure in the receiving-vessel. More or lessdifficulty is experienced, therefore, in applying the motive power ofotliermachinery already in motion through belting, gearing, &c., or instarting an independent driving-motor connected with the pump by reasonof the inertia of the parts themselves and the unyieldin g character ofthe resisting load, which is of necsssity taken at its maximum at theoutset. These conditions not only require a more eX- pensive andpowerful motor than would be required to continue the operation when thelifted column is in mot-ion, but also result in injurious straining ofthe parts and often involvo-breakage of connections. Sometimes, also,when leakage has broken the continuity or solidity of the fluid columnthe too-sudden action of the pump in starting results in Water-ram andbreakage of pipes, chambers, or valves. These difculties are entirelyobviatedby my improvements, as will be understood from the followingdescription.

Referring now to the drawings, A designates an elevatedreceiving-reservoir, or may be understood to be a steam-boiler orpressuretank into which iiuid is to be forced against a static pressure.

Pdesignates the pump proper, shown here as of the ordinary class ofpiston lift andfforce pumps driven by any independent powersuch, forexample, as a belt o from a lineshaft s. The pump P possesses theordinary suction-pipe l, connecting to a source of fiuidsupply B, adischarge-pipe m, extending to the tank or reservoir A, and the usualsuction and discharge chambers and valves. The construction of thelatter part-s incident to a double-acting piston-pump of the varietyhere indicated is shown in Fig. 2, and is such as is common in approvedpractice. The special constructive improvement involved in my inventionis also indicated-to Wit: a supplemental discharge-chamber m2 and anauxiliary discharge or Waste connection 7s, leading outward or back tothe source of supply B IOO said connection being controlled by a valven, operated, as here shown, by a governor G. The construction andfunction of these parts is more particularly as follows: The cylinderdof the pumpis provided with the usual ports c c, leading into thechambers d cl, the latter opening into a common discharge-chamber m2above through the apertures controlled by lift-valves 'u' v2 and into acommon suction-chamber e below through apertures controlled bylift-Valves @32)4. In ordinary pumps there is no chamber independent ofthe lower terminus of the discharge-conduit m; but in my improvement thedischarge-chamber m2 is entirely separated from said discharge-conduit mby a partition m3, provided with a lift Valve or valves m4. The usualequalizing airchamber m is placed in the discharge-conduit fm to actupon the discharge-column.

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The discharge-chamber m2 is connected outward by an auxiliarydischarge-pipe 7s, which may lead back to the source of supply B, or

A where economy of liquidl is not important itmay discharge outward as amere waste-pipe. It is governed by a valve n of any desired type. Thatshown in this case is a rotating or plug valve actuated by a crankconnection with the governor G, operated by belt f from the crank-shaftof the pump. I may, however, substitute for the valve n and thecentrifugal governor G, actuating the same, a valve actuated byliuidpressure of the chamber m2 against the resisting force of a springor weight. Many types of such valves being well known,I have not thoughtit necessary to illustrate the same here. Where a governor operated bythe speed of the pump or its motor is employed to control the valve fn.,the area of the auxiliary discharge-conduit 7i; may be fully equal tothe capacity of the pump; but where the pressure in the chamber m2 isrelied upon to actuate said valve the capacity of said conduit or of thevalve-opening should be somewhat less than that of the pump in order tocreate a pressure in said `chamber to actuate the valve. While the pumpis at rest, the valve n stands normally open, the pressure of the columnin the discharge-pipe m being upon the valve m4, holding the sameseated. Thus the other chambers and valves and cylinder of the pump arerelieved of all static pressure at such times and no leakage of jointstherein can effect the integrity of the column in the pipe m.

When the pump is started into operation, the water discharged by thepiston during its initial strokes passes into the chamber m2 and thenceout through the conduit la. As

`the speed of the pump increases, the centrifugal action of the governorG (or the increasing pressure in chamber fm2) actuates the valve n togradually close the conduit 7c. The pressure in the chamber fm2gradually increases in proportion to the degree of closure of saiddischarge-conduit 7c until said pressure begins to exceed the resistingpressure of the fluid column in the discharge-pipe m, when the valve m4will be lifted and a grad uallyincreasing portion of the discharge ofthe pump directed into the conduit m.

Thus it will be seen that during its initial such manner as to ease andrelieve all strain and shock.

I may in some cases dispense entirely with all means of controlling theValve n automatically and operate it by hand, in which case it is alwaysunder control of the attendant for the purposes hereinbefore indicated,and also as a means of temporarily diverting the discharge of the pumpin cases where it might not be desirable to stop the machinery for thispurpose.

I may substitute for the rotary valve shown any other suitable form ofvalve-such, for example, as the balanced piston-valve h, as shown inFig. 3, which is au ordinary type of shell valve and will thereforerequire no detailed description. It will also be seen that,incidentally, a solid fluid connection is established between thehydrostatic column and the pump-piston before the piston is required toact upon the column. Any break in such connection, such as is oftenproduced by leakage and introduction of air, is restored before thepiston acts upon the lifted column.

I claim as myinvention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited Statesl. In a force-pump, the combination of a lift-valve thereinseated in the pump-outlet by the pressure of the discharge-column, asecond lift-valve seated therein in thev same direction, a Vent passageleading outward above said secondvalve independently of thedischarge-column and of the suction end of thepump, and acontrolling-Valve in said outlet, substantially as set forth.

2. In a force-pump, a discharge-passage, two independent valves in saidpassage both opening tandem in the direction of discharge, awaste-passage leading from said dischargepassage between said valves,and an adjustable controlling-valve in said waste-passage, substantiallyas setforth.

3. In pumping apparatus, in combination with a supplementaldischarge-chamber and a supplemental discharge-valve interposed betweenthe pump mechanism and its ultimate discharge-passage, an independentVentpassage leading from said supplemental chamber, and a valve in saidvent-passage automatically actuated to control the discharge of uidthrough the same, substantially as set forth.

4. The combinationin pumping apparatus, of a normal discharge-passage, asupplemental discharge-chamber and valve inter- IIO IZO

posed between said normal discharge-passage and the pump mechanism, anindependent Vent-passage leading from said supplementaldischarge-chamber, a eontro11ing-va1ve in said Vent-passage, and agovernor device operated by the pump and actuating saidcontrollingvalve, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

JOHN H. MOGOWAN. Witnesses:

L. M. HosnA, E. HOSEA.

